This is a diagram of the replaced Hip joint and what material is used where in a synthetic hip joint. The diagram shows where polyethlene, cement, and metal are used in a synthetic hip joint.

 These two are diagrams of a Great Hip Joint that is healthy and to the right we have a picture of a hip joint that is worn out and deterriorated. The picture to the right of the worn out hip is a great guide for showing which parts wear out over time and how the artificial hip joint is beneficial. The artificial hip joint is modified so that it takes up the shape of the healthy knee to the left.

Here we see that there is a synthetic knee and a worn out knee. There aer parts of the knee shown in the diagram to the right that show what damage can occur to the knee and what parts are replaced with the artificial knee. The figure to the left showing the artificial knee also shows what material is used to make different parts of the artificial knee.

Synthetic hip joints usage and aid to motion (general info)

Synthetic hip joints consist of two main components. The two components are the ball component and the socket component. The ball component is made of either highly polished and smooth ceramic material or strong and durable metal. The socket component is either made of tough plastic material, ceramic material, or metal based. The material is based on the shape of the bone that can be forms, or the shape that is already created naturally. Also, if both the ball and socket can be placed used within the natural bone, and there is space left to be filled, clinical cement can be used to fill in gaps and strengthen the connection between the bone and the synthetic elements. One of the complications of cement is that it is an inhibitor to the growth of the bone. There is interchangeability between whether the socket is cemented or the ball is cemented.

The synthetic hips can be used to aid motion of the legs itself and placement of weight upon the legs and hips. The swivel motion that allows a person to turn and twist is often inhibited by traumatic injury to the hip joint and can be aided with the use of a synthetic joint. The synthetic joint is very smooth and tough so it will be able to allow for an eased turning motion, and also, It will support the body’s weight distributions. Also, the replacement of the hip joint will allow for a person to get up easily and sit down easily and or rest easily. The synthetic hips will allow the person to exert more power from the hips in activities without creating pain or stiffness.

Also, the hip joint’s ball shape is effective because it allows for a simple motion. Usually, old ball joints are corroded and deterred to a point that there shape Is irregular and cannot move properly causing jams and points where the ball will not move properly. Thus, with the synthetic joint, the will have the ability to move the leg smoothly from one position to another without having moments where the ball gets stuck due to a deformity in the necessary spherical shape.

Components of synthetic knee and how they are replaced

Synthetic knees are created through the use of ceramics. Ceramic is shaped such that it will have maximum resistance to compression and weight; also, it is designed such that it will glide easily from a frontal position to a distal position according to human movement. The ceramic is coated with polyethylene so that t will have resistance to deterioration and chemicals within the body.

Another method involves use of metal components. Metal components are fixed over the bone and then reinforced fully on the bone with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement. Some procedures do not necessarily require the cement, but it is widely used for longer periods of usage. The patella (lower leg bone) consisting of tibia and fibula are cut according to the shape of the implant. Once the implant is completed, the implant is further connected to the quadriceps muscle and its corresponding femur bone. The catch here is that the new implant does not have to be configured to perform functions. It merely has the ability to glide if the bones are shifted from one position to another. Thus, the implant helps motion and aids the cooperation of both the femur and patella. The implants linings and component create a frictionless movement which aids the motion of the human leg when abducting and adducting (pushing in and out respectively).

The synthetic parts are designed such that they can be split into compartments and singular parts of the synthetic knee can be used for replacement instead of replacing an entire knee. This method is called unicompartmental replacement which is still in its infancy, but it seems to be quite useful. However, for optimum results, it is recommended that the entire knee be replaced so that the synthetic knee can incorporate all of its abilities to form a fully functioning knee.

Generalized Explanation of why the synthetic parts are needed and how they help

• ·         Three of the most commonly used synthetic body parts are synthetic spinal disks, synthetic knees, and synthetic hip joints.
• ·         Synthetic knees are primarily used for the purpose of replacing knees that obstruct ommon functions of the knees and the functions that require the knees to be fully functional.
• ·         Synthetic knees are necessary whenever osteoarthritis conditions nd cartilage wear out cause deterioration of real knees.
• ·         Synthetic knees can aid the motion of the leg overall, and they are designed to handle immense weights which usually causes knees to compress and wear out.
• ·         Synthetic hip joints are highly common in relieving pain caused by arthritis and replacing hip joints that are damaged in traumatic situations or have worn out due to excessive use and reduced levels of cartilage and protection.
• ·         Synthetic spinal disks are necessary when there are traumatic situations that place pressure on the spine. The spinal disk can go through displacement, be affected by disease, or may be damaged due to trauma.  Injury to the spinal disk can cause problems to movement. Also, the displacement of spinal disks can cause loss of mobility and inability to perform normal every day functions. Injury to the spinal disk may in turn lead to problems with the human nervous system and further body systems.

Topics and Questions to research for development of synthetic body parts

1. What are the three major synthetic body parts?
2.  How are these body parts produced? (elements used to construct them)
3.  Why are these synthetic body parts important? What will they aid
4.  What is the design of the synthetic part supposed to aid?
5.  What are the mechanics of the synthetic body parts?
6.  How are these synthetic body parts connected to the actual bone?
7.  How do these synthetic body parts last a long time
8.  How do these synthetic body parts maintain their position on the bone? What safety clips and bolts have been used to keep the synthetic parts latched onto the bone?
9. What are the main parts of the  real bone that the synthetic body parts help replace
10.  How do the synthetic body parts and the deteriorated bone compare?
11.  How are the synthetic body parts designed to allow veins and intramuscular connections pass through?
12.  Are there chances that these synthetic body parts may wear out and be nonfunctional?
13. What complications are associated with the synthetic body parts? What dangers and threats can arise due to the synthetic body parts?
14. What are some goals associated with synthetic parts? What are some body functions that scientists want to be able to generate through synthetic body parts?
15. How are vertebral disks created, manufactured, developed, what are they made of?